Overwintering Materials
Overwintering Materials: snow
Overwintering Materials: microfoam, similar
Overwintering Materials: geotextiles/ “fleece”/ felt
using geotextile “fleece”
PPT Slide
Overwintering Materials: “sandwich”
examples from under “sandwich” best covered
examples from under “sandwich” no differences
examples from under “sandwich” best not covered
When to cover?
Overwintering coverings--tips
When to uncover?
Overwintering Materials: hoop house
Overwintering Materials: coldframes
Overwintering Materials: coldframe heat tubes
Overwintering Materials: evergreen boughs
Overwintering Methods
Soil temperatures
Soil temperatures northern Vermont averages, USDA zone 4, 2”
Container soil temperatures
Hardiness
Genetic differences
Hardiness variables
Controlled Freezing Studies
Controlled freezing--methods
Controlled freezing regrowth ratings
Hardiness variables acclimation-- events
Hardiness variables acclimation-- effects
Winter acclimation below freezing Korean bellflower (C. takesimana) (Herrick)
Hardiness variables acclimation-- fall outdoors
Cambridge geranium--acclimation (Luchini)
Hardiness variables date of freezing
Hardiness variables date of freezing--research
Hardiness variables freeze duration
Freeze duration--Korean bellflower
Hardiness variables cycling temperatures
Hardiness variables cycling temperature ranges
Cycling--Korean bellflower
Cycling--Cambridge geranium (Luchini)
Cycling dates--Cambridge geranium
Hardiness variables rate of thawing
Hardiness variables older vs newer plants
Hardiness variables fertility effects
Hardiness variables fertility studies (Herrick)
Achillea ‘Summer Pastels’
Fertility dates--Karmina geranium (Luchini)
Fertility types--Karmina geranium
Hardiness variables moisture/watering effects
Moisture effects--Sprite Astilbe
Moisture effects-- Coreopsis ‘Tequila Sunrise’
Field Studies Vermont, over 25 years
future research
Appreciation is expressed to the following for assistance with funding
Appreciation is expressed to the following industry members for support and plants
for more information...
Email: leonard.perry@uvm.edu
Home Page: http://www.uvm.edu/~pass/perry/
Other information: Perennial Production, Hardiness and Overwintering